![]() Version history įirst Internet demonstration, linking the ARPANET, PRNET, and SATNET on November 22, 1977 Routers communicate with one another via specially designed routing protocols, either interior gateway protocols or exterior gateway protocols, as needed for the topology of the network. IP routing is performed by all hosts, as well as routers, whose main function is to transport packets across network boundaries. ![]() The address space is divided into subnetworks, involving the designation of network prefixes. IP addressing entails the assignment of IP addresses and associated parameters to host interfaces. This method of nesting the data payload in a packet with a header is called encapsulation. The payload is the data that is transported. The IP header includes source IP address, destination IP address, and other metadata needed to route and deliver the datagram. For these purposes, the Internet Protocol defines the format of packets and provides an addressing system.Įach datagram has two components: a header and a payload. The Internet Protocol is responsible for addressing host interfaces, encapsulating data into datagrams (including fragmentation and reassembly) and routing datagrams from a source host interface to a destination host interface across one or more IP networks. Įncapsulation of application data carried by UDP to a link protocol frame Its successor is Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6), which has been in increasing deployment on the public Internet since c. The first major version of IP, Internet Protocol Version 4 (IPv4), is the dominant protocol of the Internet. The Internet protocol suite is therefore often referred to as TCP/IP. Historically, IP was the connectionless datagram service in the original Transmission Control Program introduced by Vint Cerf and Bob Kahn in 1974, which was complemented by a connection-oriented service that became the basis for the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP). It also defines addressing methods that are used to label the datagram with source and destination information. For this purpose, IP defines packet structures that encapsulate the data to be delivered. ![]() ![]() IP has the task of delivering packets from the source host to the destination host solely based on the IP addresses in the packet headers. Its routing function enables internetworking, and essentially establishes the Internet. The Internet Protocol ( IP) is the network layer communications protocol in the Internet protocol suite for relaying datagrams across network boundaries. ![]()
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